Knockdown building.



C. D. PAGE.

KNOCKDOWN BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25, 1910.

' Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

8 SHEETSSHEET I.

C. D. PAGE.

KNOCKDOWN BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-25.1910.

31,1 5 mm, Patented Sept; 21, 1915.

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C. D. PAGE.

KNOCKDOWN BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED 11011.25. 1910.

1,151,204. Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

8 SHIzETS-SHEET 3.

wmm

C. D. PAGE.

. KNOCKDOWN BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25. 1910.

Patented Spt. 21, 1915 8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

C. D. PAGE.

KNOCKDOWN BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25, 1910.

1,15%,2Mh PatentedSept. 21, 1915.

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C. D. PAGE;

KNOCKDOWN BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED N0v.25. 1910.

Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

C. D. PAGE.

KNOCKDOWN BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25. I910.

L154L2 PatentedSept. 21, 1915.

8 SHEETSSHEET 7.

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APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25, mm.

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Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

8 SHEETSSHEET 8.

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CALEB 1). PAGE, or GREELEY, conomno, ASSIGNOR To PAGE PORTABLE B ILDINGS COMPANY, or'enEELEm-commno, A conrom'rron orcononano.

. KNOCKDOWN BUILDING.

- zen of the United States, residing at Greeley,

county of Weld, and State of Colorado, have inve'nted an Improvement in Knockdown Buildings, of which the following descrip. tion, in connection with the accompanying drawing, is a specification, like characters on the drawing representing like parts.

This invention relates to knock-down buildings and has for its special objects to provide an entirely fire-proof building of this class .to provide a knock-down building which can-conveniently be used for the shelter of stock, for the storing of grain or other farm products, .or for general storage purposes; to provide a building of this class wherein the different elements thereof can be connected together by the use of special key bolts which can be inserted into place and locked therein without the use of any specialimplements or tools, and to provide a building which is made in sectional units so that" by a simpleprocess of duplicating the units a building of any size can be con structed, and to otherwise improveknockdown buildings, all as will be more fully hereinafter described and then pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings wherein I have illustrated the preferred embodiment of my invention, Figure 1 is a side view of a buildingmade in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2 shows a portion of the floor; Fig.3 is an edge view of the floor shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a section on substantially the line bb, Fig. 2; Fig.'-5 is a detail view of one corner of the building; Fig. 6 is an enlarged section on the line gg, Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a section on the line h h, F ig. 6; Fig. 8 is a side view of the fasten'ing shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 9 is a detail of one of the posts showing the manner of fastening the multiple key bolt thereto; Fig. 10 is an enlarged section on the line pp, Fig. 9; Fig. 11 shows a portion of one of the multiple key bolts; Fig. 12 is a section on the line M, Fig. 11; Fig. 13 is a section through the cornerof the building on substantially the line s-s, Fig. 5; Fig. 14 is a detail of the means for sti'fi'ening the side of the building; Fig. 15 is a front view of Fig. 19; Fig. 16 is an enlarged section through the caves of the, roof on substantially the line 93-4, Fig. 1; Fig. 17 is a view of the corner of the roof; Fig. 18 is a Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

Application filed November 25, 1910. serial No. 594,038. 1

side view of Fig. 16.; Eig. 19 is a section through the ridge at the end of the-building; Fig. 20 is a transversesection through one of the rafters; Fig. 21 is a plan view of a portion of the roof with a partbroken out; Flgs. 22 and 23 are plan 'and side elevations of a brace for the side of. the building; Fig. 24 shows adetail of the brace for one of the posts of the building where a floor is used; Fig. 25 shows the manner of bracing the posts of the building where the building restsona solid foundation such as rock; Fig. 26 is a sectional' view on the line o0, Fig. 24; Fig. 27 is a perspective view of the multiple key bolt; Fig. 28 is a perspective view of one of the sheet metal sections-of the sheathing; Fig. 29 is a perspective view of one of the roof sheets; Fig. 30 is a perspective view of a portion of a corner stud of the building; Fig. 31 is a perspective view of one of the other studs; Figs. 32, 33 and 34-are views of some of the key bolt fasterrings used.

The walls of my improved building are formed by studs or posts which may be either driven into the ground or rest on the ground as desired, a sheathing which is made in duplicate sections, and special key bolts which are adapted to secure the sections of the sheathing to the posts or studding and to each other.

The roof of the building comprises a plurality of duplicate roof sections which are partly supported on the walls of the building and partly supported on a roof tree extending the length of the building, the whole construction being such that by merely varying the number of sections of roof and sheathing a building of any desired size may be constructed. The posts or studs in the wall of the building are designated by 3, and

.are preferably made of angle iron and where the nature of the ground where the building 'is to be erected permits, I propose to drive strength and durability. These sections or I may be in to the other rivets 9. The projecting end of each of the sheets 4 are detachably connected to the posts or studs 3 and to each other, as will be more fully described hereinafter. The sheets 4 may be of any appropriate size, but I prefer to make'them oblong'jza shape and of such a length that each sheet will extend from one stud 3 to another, and of such a width that three or more of the sheets will extend from the ground to the roof of the building. The building shown in Fig. 1 is of such a height that three sheets will cover the sidewall. In Fig. 28 I have shown one of these sheets.

The means employed for attaching the sheet sections 4 to the studs and to each other is whatI have termed a multiple key bolt and is shown in detail'in Fig. 27. This multiplekey bolt comprises a piece of angleiron 6 to which is secured a plurality of pins 7, each pin extending through one leg of the angle and being provided with an angle-shaped head 8 that is rigidly secured leg of the angle 6 by means of pins 7 is pointed, as at 10, and'each pin has associated therewith a locking key which the form of a tapered key 11 adapted to be inserted through an aperture in the pin, or may be in the form of a U- shaped member 12 adapted to embrace the reduced neck 13 formed on the pin, as shown in Fig. 13. These multiple key bolts are made in two lengths, the longer ones 18 being substantially equal to the length of each sheet 4, and the shorter ones 19 being substantially equal to the width of each sheet 4. Each sheet 4 is provided on its edges with a plurality of apertures 14 spaced the proper distance apart to receive the pins 7 of the multiple key bolts, posts or studs 3'is provided with a'plurality of apertures 15 also spaced a proper distance apart to receive the keys of the multiple key bolts (see Figs. 28, 30 and 31). In.

the studs 3 at the corners of the building both angles are provided with these apertures 15, as shown in Figs. 13 and 30. Theintermediate studs, however, need have these apertures in one leg only, as seen in Fig. 31. In erecting the walls of the building the posts or studs 3 are driven or set up at proper distances apart and then the lower sheets 4 are applied to the posts and the shorter multiple-key bolts 19 are inserted from-the exterior through the alined apertures in the overlapping ends of the sheets and the posts or studs .3 and the keys 11 are then driven into the apertures in the pins on the interior of the studs. Short multiple key bolts 19 are al'soinserted from the ex-v terior through the ends of the sheets at the corners of the buildings and through the legs of the angle-iron corner posts or studs, and such key bolts are locked in place by the keys 12; The sheets 4 constituting the secand each of the ond row of sheets are then applied with their lower edges overlapping the upper edges of the sheets of the lower row, and with the apertures at suchlower edges in line with the apertures in the upper edges of the lower sheets Long multiple key-bolts 18 are then inserted from the exterior through the alined apertures of the sheets of the two rows and the keys 11 are driven into the apertures in the projecting ends of the bolts'on the interior of the sheets, as clearly shown in Fig. 12, thus firmly securing the sheets together at their edges. The shorter multiple key bolts 19 may then be inserted through the peated until the sides of the building are completely closed. Long multiple key bolts 18 are also applied to the lower edges of the sheets 4 of the lower row for the purpose of stiffening such sheets. The horizontal legs of these multiple bolts also serve as a support for the building when the ground is soft. The pointed or tapered ends 10 on the pins 7 permit the key bolts to'be readily inserted through even'though said apertures may not accurately aline with each other, the tapering portions of the pins serving to draw the sheets accurately to position as the key bolts are put in place.

If the building is to be a small building and only of a length equal to the length of each sheet 4, then one of the studs 3 at each corner will be sufficient. If, however, a longer building is desired, such building may be made equal to the length of two, three, four or any number of the sheets 4, as will be obvious, and in all cases, these sheets are secured to the studs or posts by the multiple key bolts above described.

The adjacent or meeting ends of the multiple key bolts 18 are connected together and are also connected 'to the corresponding stud 3 bymeans of the key bolt fastening 26, shown in Fig. 32,. and which comprises a head 20 having a key bolt or pin 21 projecting therefrom and having two arms 22 projecting laterally therefrom, each provided with a boss 23. The pin 21 is provided with an aperture 24 into which a tapered key 25 may the apertures in the sheets,

be driven similar to the key 11. Each of these key bolt fastenings 26 is'inserted in place from the exterior of the building and its bolt or pin 21 is inserted through alined apertures in the overlapping ends of the sheets 4 and through an aperture in one leg of the post or stud 3, and the arms 22 overlie the ends of the multiple key bolts 18. While the bosses 23 enter apertures formed v so in the vertical leg of the angle iron 6 of such key bolts, as clearly seen in Fig. 10. After the key bolt fastening 26 is inserted, the key with a bolt or pin 28 and with a head comprising a short arm 29 and a longer arm 30 .which is provided with the boss 31. These key boltfastenings 27 are inserted from the exterior of the building and the bolt or pin 28 is inserted through the alinedv apertures in the sheets 4 and through one leg of the corner post or stud 3, while the'arm 30 overlies the end of the multiple key bolt fastening 18 and the boss 31 is received in an aperture 32 formed in the vertical leg of the 7 angle iron 6. A suitable key is used on the interior of the post 3 for holding the key bolt fastening in place, and at the corner of the building I prefer to use the U-shaped key 12 which embraces the reduced neck 13 sformed on the key bolt because this form of I locking key takes up less room than the ment the tapering ends ofthe wedge key 11, and consequently the pins 28 can be made short enough so that the pins through thetwo legs of the post-3 will not interfere with each other, as clearly seen in Fig. 6. These key fastenings 27 thus serve to firmly secure the ends of the multiple key bolts 18 to the corner posts 3.

Both the key bolt fastenings 26 and 27 have pins or bolts with tapering ends, the purpose of this construction being to facilitate the entrance of said pins through the alined apertures in the sheets and studs, for if said apertures are not accurately in alinethe fastenings to be inserted.

The roof is made up of a plurality of similar roof sheets 64, which are preferably made of sheet metal, and each of which is made of a length to extend from the edge of the roof to the ridge. These roof sheets 64 will preferably be of such a width that a definite number of them will cover the roof between two adjacent studs 3. The drawings show an arrangement in which three of these roof sheets 64 will cover the space between two adjacent studs, although by making the roof sheets wider or narrower a less or greater number might be used. These roof sheets are supported at their lower edge on a plate member 65 which is also made in sections, each section having a length equal to the distance between two pins permit studs 3. The plate member herein shown is provided withthe web or ,body portion 66 which liesagainst the exterior of the posts or studs 3, and with the flange or wing member 67 which overlies the top of said studs and on which the lower edge of the roof sections 64 rest, the lower edge of said sections. 64 being secured to the flange 67 by key boltsmemberis secured to one leg of each post 3 by key bolts 44, said key bolts preferably being inserted from the exterior. If desired, the plate'member 65 may be made of substantially Z-bar shape and be provided with a second flange or wing 69, although this is not essential to the invention. The presence of this extra wing will, however, tend to stiffen the member and thus add stiffness to the building. The flange 67 will preferably be situated at an angle corresponding to the pitch of the roof, so that the roof sheet 64 will lie fl'at thereon, as clearly seen in Fig. 16. Theiupper edge of the upper wall sheet 4 is received between the plate member 65 and the stud 3, and said sheet and plate member are secured together by a multiple key bolt 18, said plate and sheet being provided with apertures to receive the pins 7 of such multiple key bolt. The ends of the adjacent multiple key bolts 18'that are used to secure the upper row of sheets 4 to the plate member 65 will preferably be connected together by a key bolt fastening device 26, as seen in Fig. 18.

which is rigidly secured to one end of one of the plate members 65 and overlaps the other plate member and a key bolt 44 which is inserted through an aperture in said tongue, through an aperture in the end' of the other plate member and through an aperture in one leg of the stud 3.

The adjacent edges of the roof sheet 64 are secured together by fastening devices which also constitute rafters for the roof. In the preferred embodiment of my invention, the edges of each roof sheet are bent to form upwardly-projecting flanges 71 and these flanges are secured together by two angleiron members 72 and 73, the member 73 be ing in the form of a multiple key bolt similar to the multiple key bolt 18 and having the plurality of tapered bolts or pins 7. The member 72 is provided in one leg with a home, as. shown,

. the

plurality of apertures situated to'recei ve the pins 7 of the member 73. The upturned flanges 71 of with apertures adapted to recelve the pins 7 of the member 73, and. in assembling the parts,- said member is pl aced as shown in Fig. 20 with the pins 7'enter1ng the apertures in the flanges 71 and then the member 72 is placed in position with the pins 7 extending through the apertures 1n the vert cal leg thereof. When the keys 11 are driven the two flanges 71 Wlll be clamped together sufliciently tight to hold the sheets taut, and since the edges of the sheets are secured together by the two members 72, 73, said members will act as a compound rafter for the roof. The hor zontal flange of the member 72 ,covers the Joint between the roof sheets and prevents the entrance of rain or snow. By means of this construction, the full strength of each sheet is made use of in supporting snow, and all danger that the sheets will tear out where pins 7 extend therethrough 1S obviated. The roof sheets at the peak or ridge of the roof .will be provided with apertures and are secured to the flanges of a roof tree 33 by means of key bolts 44, such as shown in Fig. 54, and as illustrated in Fig. 19. The space between the'edges of the roof sheets 64 at the peak of the roof may be covered by ridge sheets 74 which overlie the roof sheets and which are secured thereto, by the key bolts 44 thatsecure the latter to the roof tree.

The building may be made with or without a floor, according to the use to which it is to be put. In Fig. 1 I have shown a floor under the right-hand end of the building, the left-hand end being provided with a dirt floor. The floor is supported on sills 79, preferably of channel-iron shape, and these sills are connected at intervals by tie-members 80 which fit between flanges of the sills and which are provided at their ends with the roof sheets are provided.

tying the floor sheets together, and said cleats 83 will preferably be placed so as to lie either side of the sills 79 and thus pre vent longitudinal movement of the sheets.

4 Pins 300 may be inserted through one of the the edges of the lips 81 that overlie the webs of the sills desired, but for many purposes a sheet ironflooring will be preferable, and in the drawings I have shown such a-flooring. It is composed of sheets 82 which rest on the sills 79 and are provided on their under side with cleats that connect the adjacent sheets and also prevent movement of the sheets on the sills. As shown in Figs. 4 and 4, each sheet 82 has secured thereto a plurality of cleats- 83 which extend across the sheet and are provided at one end with an upturned hook 84 and at the other end with a down turned lip 85. When the flooring is in place, the

hook 84 of one cleat engages the lip 85 of the adjacent cleat, as plainly seen in Fig. 4,'thus floor sheets and through the flange of one of the sills to assist in holding the sheets in place.

In order to brace the building structure, I may employ the brace shown n Figs. 22 and 23 which comprises a post 86, preferably of T-shape in cross section, which is driven into the ground at a suitable distance from the-building, and a brace member 87 which is provided at one end with a hook 88that is adapted to enter oneleg of the angleiron member 6 of a vertical multiple key bolt 19, and at its other end is provided with aclamping device adapted to engage the post 86. The clamping device herein shown is in the form of a rod 89 bent to encircle the post 86 and having its ends 90 and 91 extending through apertures in the lower end of the brace 87, said apertures being situated one above the other so that when the upper end of the brace is swung downwardly the clamping member will be caused 'to grip the post. In using this device, the post will be driven at the proper distance from the building and the clamping member will be slipped over the post and then the upper end of the brace will be swung down into a position to permit the hook 88 to enter the aperture in the multiple key bolt 19, such movement of the brace operating to clamp the member 89 firmly about the post 86. When the building is provided with a floor, I propose to brace it by extending certain of the sills 79 beyond the wall of the building, as shown in Fig. 24, and may connect the extremities of the sills'with one of the legs of the multiple key bolt 19 by means of a brace 92 which can conveniently be simply a rod or bar bent at its upper end to form a hook to hook into the leg of a multiple key bolt 19 and bent at its lower end to form a finger 93 that is adapted to be inserted through an aperture in the web of the sill 79. An ordinary nail 94 or other pin may be inserted through an aperture in the ends of the brace to prevent it from becoming accidentally disconnected from the sill.' 1

Where the building rests on a rocky foundation so that the studs 3 or thebracing posts 86 cannot be readily driven into the ground, I may brace the building by the construction shown in Fig. 25 which comrises a foot member 95 preferablyof angleiron shape to which the lower end of each stud 3 is secured by means of a key bolt 44. said' stud resting on one leg. of the foot member. Said foot -member extends inwardly from each stud 3 a suitable distance and the outer end of the foot member is 1 connected to one of the multiple key bolts 19 by means of a brace 96 having a construction similar to the brace 92.

The building may be closed in on all sides by means of the sheet 4 or may be entirely open on one side, or part of one side, according to the uses to which it is'to be put. If the building is used for stock shelter, it may be desirable to leave certain of' the panels or spaces between adjacent studs 3 open, while if it is used for storing rain be desirab e to or other products, it may close the building on all sides.

While-my improved building'may be used for storage purposes, yet it is especially adapted as a shelter for stock, especially in. those countries of the West where temporary stock shelters are desired which may be used in one localityfor one season only,

and which may be required another season in a difi'erent locality.

In using the key bolt 44, it is essential, of course, that it should be so positioned that the key 47 therein-will stand vertically, for

otherwise said key might work loose and fall out. In many places the"bolt 44 is in serted from the outside while the key 47 is driven from the inside, and if the head 45 were of ordinary construction, therefore, it would not be possible for the party insert ing the bolt to determine whether it was properly positioned so that the key 47 would stand vertically. I have accordlngly provided the head with an indicating portion which indicates the direction of the keyreceiving slot 198 through the bolt. This indicating portion may be made in a variety of ways without departing from the invention. One convenient way is to form the head 45 with a rib 191, see Fig. 34, which rib, extends in the direction of the slot 198.

The person inserting these key bolts from the exterior. can, therefore, always insert them so that the slot ular. It will be seen from the above description that my building comprises very few separate elements and that these elements are so constructed that the building can be read ily erected of any desired size and can be as readily taken down. Further, it will be seen that the process of erection does not necessitate the use of any special tool as a hammer. to drive the keys home is about the only tool which the builder need use.

While I have shown herein one embodiment of my invention, I do not wish to be limited to the constructional details illustrated.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a knock-down building, the combination with studs, of a plurality of similar sheets forming the walls of the building,

will stand perpendicthe sheets to the studs and multiple key bolt fastenings extending longitudinally of the overlapping edges of the sheets and securing them to each other.

2. In a knock-down building, the combi nation with studs, of a plurality of similar sheets forming the walls-of the building, I

each sheet being of a length to extend from one stud to the next adjacent stud, and said sheets being arranged in rows one above the other, and multiple key bolt fastening devices to secure the sheets to the studs and to each other.

- 3; In a knock-down building, the combination with studs, of a plurality of similar sheets forming the walls of the building, each sheet being of a length to extend from onestud to the next adjacent stud, and said sheets being arranged in rows one above the other, and multiple key bolt fastening devices to secure the sheets to the studs and to each other, each fastening device comprising an angle-shaped memberand a plurality of pins extending through one leg thereof and each provided with a head secured to the other leg thereof.

4. In a knock-down building, the combination with studs, of a plurality of similar angle-shaped member, a plurality of pins extending through one leg of said member and provided with tapering ends, each pin having a head secured to the other leg, and keys engaging the pins.

5. In building construction, the combination with a plurality of sheets constitutingthe walls of the building and arranged with their edges overlapping, of a multiplekey bolt fastening extending the length of each overlapping edge and connecting the sheets.

6. In building construction, the combination with a plurality of sheets constituting the walls of the building and arranged with their edges overlapping, of a multiple key bolt fastening for connecting the overlapping edges of the sheets together, said fas-' tening comprising a member having a plurality of pins extending through alined apertures in said sheets and keys engaging the pins and situated on the opposite side of the sheets from said member.

7. In a knock-down building, the combination with a stud, of sheets forming the walls of the building and placed one above the other with their edges overlapping, said sheets extending from one stud to the next adjacent stud, alined multiple key bolt fastoning devices extending along theoverlapping edges of the sheets and connecting them together, and means to detachably secure the adjacent ends of the two alined key bolt fastening devices together.

8. In a knock-down building, the combination with a stud, of sheets forming the walls of the building and placed one above the other with their edges overlapping,.said

sheets extending from one stud to the next adjacent stud, alined multiple key bolt fastening devices extending along the overlapping edges of the sheets and connecting them together, and means to detachably secure the adjacent ends of the two alined key bolt fastening devices together and, to the stud.

9. In a knock-down building, the .com-

- bination with a stud, of sheets forming the walls of the building and placed one above the other with their edges overlapping, said sheets extending from one stud to the next adjacent stud, multiple key bolt fastening devices extending along the overlapping edges of the sheets and connecting them together, and a key' bolt fastening device secured to the studs and provided with means to engage the adjacent ends of the multiple key bolt fastening device.

10. In a knock-down building, the combination with studs, of sheets extending from one stud to the next adjacent stud, fastening devices extending from one stud to the next adjacent stud and detachably connecting the overlapping edges of the sheets together, and a key bolt fastening device for connecting together the adjacent ends of said fastening devices and securing such ends to the stud.

11. In a knock-down building, the com- I bination with studs, of sheets forming the walls of the building and extending from one s'tud to the other and arranged with their edges overlapping, means to secure the ends of the sheets to the studs, and a multiple key bolt fastening connecting the overlapping edges of the sheets together and stifiening the sheets longitudinally.-

12. In a .knock-down building, the combination with studs, of sheets extending from one stud to the next adjacent stud .and forming the walls of the building, said sheets being arranged with their edges overlapping, multiple key bolt fastening devices extending longitudinally of the overlapping portions of the sheets and securing them together, and means to secure the end of the multiple key bolt fastening to the corner stud of the building, said means comprising a pin adapted to be inserted through said stud and having an arm provided with a boss to engage an aperture in the key-bolt fastening, and a key to engage the projecting end of the pin. v

I 13. In building construction, the combination with walls and sills, of a flooring made of sheet metal-sections, each section having cleats thereon to engage certain of the sills and prevent longitudinal movement of the sheet, the cleats of theadjacent sections having an interlocking connection with each other.

' 14. In building construction, the combination with walls and sills, of a flooring made 'of sheet metal sections, each section having cleats thereon to engage certain of the sills and preventlongitudinal ovement of the sheet, each cleat having an upturned hook at one end and a downturned lip at the 1 other whereby the lip of one sheet will engage the hook of an adjacent sheet.

15.. In building construction, the combination with the walls of the building, of braces therefor comprising posts, a clamping member embracing each post, a brace secured to the clamping member to cause said memher to clamp the posts when the upper end of the brace is moved downwardly, and

'means'for connecting said upper end of the brace to the wallof the building.

16. The combination with the walls of a building, of a brace therefor comprising a post, a clamping member embracing thepost, a brace connected to the clamping member to cause the latter to clamp the post I when the upper end of the brace is moved relative to the wall,and means for connecting the upper end of the brace to the wall.

In testimony whereof, I have signed-my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CALEB D. PAGE.

Witnesses:

LOUIS C. SMITH, FREDERICK 'S. GREENLEAF. 

